Which of the following can be a method of disclosing PHI according to HIPAA?

Deidentification of protected health information (PHI) is recognized by HIPAA as a valid method for disclosing information without compromising patient privacy. When PHI is deidentified, it means that any identifying information that could trace back to an individual is removed or altered, ensuring that the data cannot be linked to specific patients. This process allows health information to be used in research, analysis, or education while maintaining compliance with privacy regulations.

The method of deidentification involves two main standards: the safe harbor method, in which 18 types of identifiers are removed, and the expert determination method, where a qualified expert determines that the risk of re-identification is very small. Thus, it is a crucial practice for organizations wishing to share health information while still adhering to the legislative requirements set forth by HIPAA.

In contrast, other options, while potentially useful in specific contexts, do not align directly with HIPAA standards for the disclosure of PHI. Immediate verbal consent may not provide a documented and verifiable method of consent; non-disclosure agreements primarily protect proprietary information and do not necessarily apply to PHI; and while the exchange of information between health systems can occur under certain conditions, it must generally comply with HIPAA's rules regarding consent and minimum